If you take MIPS as an indicator:
1) A1200:1.33 MIPS
2) A1200 + Blizzard 1230-IV/FPU: 9.91 MIPS
3) A1200 + Blizzard 1240/T: 19 MIPS
4) A1200 + Blizzard 1260: 38.72 MIPS
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These are figures I seem to remember from an old Gordon Harwood advert for the boards (possibly an AIBB test).
Many people will moan that MIPS (Millions of Instructions Per Second) is a pointless exercise but it does give an indicator when the same test and benchmark tool is used on the same systems (a fair experiment). However there are other ways to determine the effiency of a system and extra Fast Mem alone can double the speed of a stock A1200.
Here are SysInfo MIPS readings for:
a) DKB Cobra '030/FPU - 13.05 MIPS
b) Apollo 040/40 - 28.84 MIPS
c) Blizzard 1260/50 - 65.16 MIPS
As you can probably work out now each succesive CPU is approximately double the speed of the previous when used with a 40 to 50Mhz oscillator.
An '030 board is probably the biggest upgrade jump an A1200 owner will notice as a 14Mhz 68EC020 to a full 50Mhz 68030 is a huge 7x increase in speed when used with memory and FPU. Workbench, games and apps don't at first appear to be faster when you install an '040 or '060 board. You'll only notice these boards kicking in when you play MP3, MPG, surf the web or anything that needs horsepower.
A graphics card would have made the ideal companion upgrade for '030 accelerators but they weren't made for non big-box Amigas at the time.