As far as I know, EDO shouldn't cause any damage. The extended information is just ignored by Amiga, and it functions in FPM mode. I don't remember if I have EDO in any Amiga at the moment, but I know I've used it in the past.
I have heard rumors that, somewhere, a Mac was damaged by EDO RAM. I wrote this off as probable damage caused by someone using a mallet to install a SIMM module. This is not the recommended procedure. ;-)