All I know is, when I complile a C program with a C++ compiler, the program turns out huge. I mean, just for fun I wrote Hello World in MSVC with default values, and it compiled to over 250K. WTF? Or is that just because it's Microsoft?
But what are you comparing to? And is it the exact same hello world program (ie, still using stdio and no iostream)?
Using Amiga gcc, compiling the same hello world program produces a program size 2704 bytes in C mode, and 2716 bytes in C++, so hardly an unreasonable difference, and I guess what you get is just because it's Microsoft.
In Borland CBuilder, compiling a Hello World program using stdio/printf takes 54272 bytes, but using iostream/cout takes 111616 bytes. So there is a significant difference here, but down to using different libraries, and not necessarily just that it's C++.