:rant: alert!
Well I must say how disappointed I have been with my Amiga 1200.
I bought it off Ebay just before Christmas 2011 and it came with a 4GB CF Hard Drive fitted. This is my last Amiga computer EVER!
I have never used such a frustrating OS before and I fail to see why so many owners rave about them.
Admittedly I have been 'spoiled' with easy-peasy PC's for the last 15 years....but that may explain my gripes with the Amiga.
Sorry you've been having trouble. Let me see if I can explain some of the weird logic that we long-time users sometimes forget.
I cannot for the life of me understand why so many of the fanboys seem to think it's a great idea to make it such hard work to do such a simple thing like install a new desktop replacement, such as ClassicWB, etc. Why not make a straight forward download (or even a zip download) of it, that can be installed from floppy/CF card direct to an Amiga, without having to use WinUAE? Not all PC's can run WinUAE and what about if you have used a modern mobile phone to download ClassicWB?
Now, now, no need to use the f-word

The reason WinUAE (or any UAE - WinUAE just happens to be the easiest and most fully-featured) is used so much is because most new users don't have the ability to download things directly to their Amiga. You need a network card, networking stack, browser, etc. The Amiga is old enough that these things aren't a given. For new users, it's often easier to prep the Amiga environment under UAE and then plug the CF card or hard drive back into the Amiga.
Why the need for .adf/hdf files? Most modern PC's have large enough storage space on them, that they don't need compressed files anymore.
These are analogous to ROM images for other emulated platforms. They contain fixed images of data. Emulating a full hard drive allows you to use the Amiga's filesystem bits. These often get lost when transferring files from FAT32 to NTFS to HFS+ to the Amiga, and problems with the filesystem bits can cause problems with many programs.
ADFs came about because PC floppy drives can't read Amiga-formatted disks, so the solution was to create a disk image to use in an emulated floppy drive. Good decompression programs (7zip, or The Unarchiver on Mac) can extract files from ADFs, but you'll lose the filesystem bits this way.
If you install
diskimage.device on your Amiga, you can handle these virtual floppies just like real disks (it can be tough to configure, though). You can also use
ADFBlitzer to dump those images back to real floppies.
I, like many people, don't or can't be bothered with faffing about with emulators, for whatever reason -- and it's not a crime not to want to use one. If I want to download a certain program on my PC, it comes with an EXE file that I just click and install.....Simples!!
On the Amiga?......Oh yes, install WinUAE, find a copy of some ROM's, either legally, or not. Then use some archaic looking decompression software to extract the program with. What's wrong with not having to use an emulator?! Why not not just allow a direct install to real hardware?
If you could download directly to real hardware, that's exactly what you would do. Well, after extracting the .lha archive - analogous to extracting a .zip. Self-extracting archives never really caught on on the Amiga, but there are some. Also bear in mind that most of these "distros" you've been trying were developed with emulation users in mind, in the days before UAE had networking support, to give them quick access to heaps of programs. It used to be a lot harder to get Amiga software onto an emulation environment. Now the inverse is true.
Make sure you have
Directory Opus on your machine. It's a 2-pane file manager. Then it's just a simple matter of opening the directory of your archive in one window, opening the extraction destination in the other, clicking once on the archive, and then clicking in the destination window. Boom. Archive extracted. (But make sure
the program LhA is in the directory SYS:C first).
Amiga fanboys remind me so much of Linux fanboys........they seem to think that there chosen OS is the most superior in the universe and have never considered moving with the times and making life easy for themselves. And no, I'm not preaching that they should ditch their Amiga's for PC's. Just that they acknowledge the Amiga as being old hat and deservedly so and that if they want to keep the platform alive for the next generation who fancies a bit of retro action, then at least make life simple for them when it comes to installing stuff.
Hey, watch it. We're not as delusional a bunch as you might think. Ten years ago, maybe, but most of us now have a healthy recognition of what the Amiga is and isn't. I grew up with it, so to me it always will be "what a computer should be", but that's not a widely held view and I recognize that.
I have tried installing AmigaSYS, ClassicWB (various versions), and MagicWB on mine and only the latter worked satisfactory enough to use. The rest of them had such arse about face install routines, that I gave up on them in the end.
MagicWB was created during the Amiga's commercial lifespan and is intended for use on real hardware. But it's really just an icon pack - not much depth to it. It's great for getting a sharp look out of a machine with limited resources, though.