I'll give you a couple of things to try...
My Commodore CDTV boots up to the CDTV screen properly but does not play CDs. I've tried cleaning the CD laser lens with no luck. When a CD is put into the drive, the drive spins slightly and the lens bangs up and down trying to focus (I assume) but fails after a short time. Does this mean the laser mechanism needs to be replaced? I tried to put in an ordinary music CD but that wouldn't work either. Same symptoms.
I've come across two issues that might cause that, other than just the laser unit.
1) I've had a cd caddy before that didn't actually open the flap when it was used, even though the mechanism seemed to be working fine. Try a different caddy...
2) Replace the cable that attached the cd unit to the motherboard. I had a defective one once.
If those suggestions don't help, then it probably will be new laser time.
One other question that may/may not be related but something I noticed while exploring. I found some information about JP15 and if I remove the jumper, the CDTV boots up into a Workbench 1.3 boot screen. Does this mean the ROMs were messed with or is this normal behavior?
That's normal. JP15 enables/disables the custom roms. When disabled you will just get a kickstart screen. The custom ROM can cause issues if you're playing some old A500 games, but it's quite rare (in my experience)
It is an awesome device but it does not look easy to take part. Does someone know of a guide or video on doing this?
It's not as bad as you think, but it is probably one of the harder Amiga systems to take apart. I haven't done it for quite a while though, it's a little time consuming. Just take note of what goes where as you remove it. As Haynes manuals say "Installation is the reverse of removal"