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Author Topic: A new Zorro III memory board  (Read 7989 times)

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Offline da9000

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #29 from previous page: January 12, 2008, 03:51:36 AM »
A little late in the reply gamy, but hey, it piqued my interest as memory modules are dirt-cheap these days.


@matthey:

Very interesting thoughts/points!

@mboehmer_e3b:

Interesting counter-points! I realize you're an expert in hardware design, but I have a couple of comments and a couple of questions to bounce off of you, so I can understand better the real issues behind Matth's proposal.

Can you change the Buster time-out values programmatically, or only via hardware hacks?

I'm no PCI/AGP guru, but the conditions you describe for writes being blocked for a pending read, or the opposite, it's clearly a deadlock situation which no bridge or circuitry would allow. It's theoretically possible that no extra read will ever take place, thus those writes are stalled forever. Now, if there's a time-out, after which the writes take place, then everything would continue, but the whole process is delayed, which is what you meant when you said Buster will timeout waiting for that. I guess it could be alleviated by 'dummy reads' or 'dummy writes' interspersed by the software driver.

BTW, isn't it possible to disable delayed transactions? I thought that's what is available for certain PCI configurations which need ISA style timings.

As for read speeds, that has been my experience from the older days programming VGA cards, but I'm not sure if that is still the case for modern cards. For one thing, bit-blitting does reads, so internally the bandwidth for reading IS there, it was the interface bandwidth that was problematic (either smaller bus, like PCI/VLB being 32bit, or ISA being 16bit or 8bit, or smaller and slower bus, all compared to the internal busses which are 256bit or even larger in some cases, and much faster).


As for card setup, you're right, it could be an issue, but my understanding is to get the memory mapped properly you don't need to touch the GPU (and if you do, there's open source code in Linux/BSD for even the most modern cards, since it doesn't touch the propriatery 3D registers), but it's all PCI/AGP register setup. All the necessary code should be in the agpgart.c and related code (PCI, mttr.c, etc).

Lastly for byte-ordering can be an issue too, but as matthey says, this would be a "dumb card", not to be used for display.


@alexh:
I think the only viable way to get hardware to happen is have people pre-pay. Unfortunately that's hard because there aren't many trust-worthy Amiga hardware developers (thinking Ainc, ACT, etc here). I personally want a PPC card or even a CT-60 modified to work on a classic Amiga, and would pre-pay, but I only trust AmigaKit's Matthew for this, because if the project bombs, I feel he'll return me the cash, unlike those others mentioned...


@Kronos:
Interesting alternative. As solid state drives become the norm and get faster, a paged store/virtual memory subsystem could easily be the solution, although limited for IDE based SSDs. But throw in a fast SCSI PPC accelerator (the other can of worms - let's keep it closed for now) and you have a viable memory expansion!

I'm patiently waiting for SSDs to drop in price - I hate HDDs and CDs and their unreliability. We should have had SSDs since the last century... Ugh. I still remember reading articles back in those days of IBMs crystal lattice storage devices. Too bad nothing sellable came out of those projects :-(

 

Offline Caius

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #30 on: January 12, 2008, 04:07:04 AM »
"Memory is like an orgasm. It's a lot better if you don't have to fake it."

-- Cray Seymore, on virtual memory.
Theology is just a debate over who to frame for creating reality.
 

Offline da9000

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #31 on: January 12, 2008, 04:14:10 AM »
Hahahaha, that's an awesome quote, Caius, but then again I believe I've read that Mr. Cray Seymour lived a more lavish lifestyle than many of us Amigans, even if generally secluded, which means he didn't have to fake memory. Don't know what he did in the orgasms department :-p
 

Offline alexh

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #32 on: January 12, 2008, 09:13:30 AM »
Quote

da9000 wrote:
I hate HDDs and CDs and their unreliability.

WTF do you do to your HDD's to make them unreliable? I've never had a failure within the lifetime (5-6 years) of a hard drive. (Touch wood)

If you use modern SMART tools you can predict most drive failures well in advance.
 

Offline da9000

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #33 on: January 12, 2008, 03:32:50 PM »
Quote

alexh wrote:
WTF do you do to your HDD's to make them unreliable? I've never had a failure within the lifetime (5-6 years) of a hard drive. (Touch wood)

If you use modern SMART tools you can predict most drive failures well in advance.


Note I was including CDs, which are obviously much more prone to failure. But since you asked I'll quote a few:

One time I was turning on and off a computer while trying different combinations (jumpers/dips). I was careful to leave it a few seconds off each time. After about 20 times (it's been a while so I don't recall exactly, but it certainly wasn't 100), the hard drive died. How do you like that?

This one was the weirdest: after having a (very well taken care of) Mac Mini running almost always on for a whole year, the brand new internal hard drive, not only did crash and burn, but it made sure it scratched the CRAP out of the metal-coated glass platter, so much so that I could see THROUGH to the other side! Seen that before? Thanks Seagate, you idiots, for while you can detect when the HDD is falling, you can't detect the head smashing onto the platter and stopping the motor at the very least. I've recovered many hard drives (not only with software, but opening them up and doing things to them :-)), but this one was definitely out of my reach!

The sucky thing was that it died 2 days before a *VERY* important meeting, and I had documents needed as evidence on that drive. Luckily I had made a temporary backup a couple days before and even though it was intended to be deleted, it wasn't, which saved my butt. Unfortunately some of the files were missing bytes at the end, I don't know why, so some of them were damaged.

Anyways, I don't abuse my drives (in fact I'm so paranoid I don't even stack them vertically without spacers or about 10cm space in between - keep silicon baggies near them, etc, etc), yet I've had a tremendous amount of failure. But, I'm a power user. I don't keep them in one case, and I've got tons of them all over the place, so perhaps that might explain the high numbers (as opposed to someone having 1 computer, vs 20-30, and never removing that one HDD, and never keeping he machine on constantly, but turning it off every night).

BTW, most of my failed drives have been IDEs. SCSIs seem to hold true to their higher quality.

Speaking of HDDs: I got a lot of 9.5GB 10,000RPM SCSI SCA-U160 drives. These are tested good, hehe. Anyone want to buy any? PM me.
 

Offline alexh

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #34 on: January 12, 2008, 05:07:16 PM »
Quote

da9000 wrote:
One time I was turning on and off a computer while trying different combinations (jumpers/dips). I was careful to leave it a few seconds off each time. After about 20 times (it's been a while so I don't recall exactly, but it certainly wasn't 100), the hard drive died. How do you like that?

20 seems a lot. You were kinda asking for failure. Power On, AutoPark and Spin Up are the 3 most likely points of failure for a drive. Hard drives are less prone to failure if they are hardly ever switched off and that includes spinning down. EXCESSIVE power saving (i.e. Turn off hard drives after: 5 minutes) can kill drives in weeks.

Quote
never keeping he machine on constantly, but turning it off every night).

As I said, drives last longer if they never switched off and never power/spin down. It is also interesting to note that higher (but not insanely high) temperatures have negligable effect on lifespan, neither does excessive utilisation.

I should know, I work as an engineer at a company which designs them. But dont just listen to me, listen to the experts:

http://labs.google.com/papers/disk_failures.pdf

"One of our key findings has been the lack of a consistent pattern of higher failure rates for higher temperature drives or for those drives at higher utilization levels."

 

Offline da9000

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #35 on: January 12, 2008, 05:26:14 PM »
Well granted that start-stop is not the best thing for drives, but come-on! Just 20 times. Anyways...

As for constant usage, I meant not being subjected to any sorts of shock while spinning. I do agree with you that the start-stop is a major source of failure.

As for temperature, it's interesting that you brought it up. I have always believed that it can't be good, and even to the point of failure. There are a few reasons for this, other than simple logic. One major reason is that many times contraction-expansion or other chemical reactions will actually cause crappy solder joints to fail. And while one may say "but it's always on, temperature is constant", that's not true, not only due to load, but ambient temperature (I'm sure you already know this, but not everyone does).

20GB Fujitsu, which I own (excerpt from mhdd.com):

Quote

Manufacturer: Fujitsu
MPG3xxxAT/AH drive family
    Malfunction signs: Quite unexpectedly for user and user data a drive is no longer identified in PC BIOS.

    We should note that this very drive model has broken all records of failures, which happen in most cases after a year of operation, just after completion of the warranty period. The main cause of the malfunction was in the Cirrus Logic CL-SH8671-450E chip. It can hardly be replaced with a working chip because those microcircuits were produced for a special Fujitsu order and the manufacture of that drive family was discontinued long ago. However, there is a method of "revival" and "revitalizing" a malfunctioning chip which allows extending HDD life a little. However, if you ignore drive "hangings" and do not take due steps (at least backup valuable data) the table of S.M.A.R.T. logs in firmware zone will be gradually overfilled and the drive will additionally corrupt its modules in firmware zone, which cannot be restored without specialized software.

    One of the versions explaining the cause of problems with those chips is the use of a new polymer compound during production of chip case. The compound decomposes under the influence of increased temperature in humid conditions producing phosphoric acid. But it is just a version; we may never learn whether it is so or not. However, one thing is known for sure: if you unsolder that chip, remove old solder from its pins and contact pads on the board, flush the location for the chip and then solder it back the drive will begin to work properly.



But the more interesting reason for me is that when my Mac Mini HDD crashed and burned, it was during the hottest days of the summer and the office it was in had reached over 100+ F (I forget right now, but I know it was extremely hot), and I have a feeling that it was the temperature that caused the problem.

No matter, what you write is very intriguing and interesting since it's contradictory to logic. I'll read that article you posted and see if they can convince me to remove all fans from my drives :-)

BTW, one distinction that needs to be made with is is "what's hot enough". I personally think any disk over 45-50C is becoming hot.
 

Offline Methuselas

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #36 on: January 12, 2008, 06:16:03 PM »
Quote

TjLaZer wrote:
This opens up another can of worms.  We need a new PPC card!  If anyone is going to make anything this would be it.  A PPC G4 card with SD-RAM Slots on it for 512MB to 2GB RAM would ROCK!!!


Elbox took care of this one, TJ. Haven't you heard of the Shark?


*snort*


:roflmao:
\'Using no way as way. Having no limitation as limitation.\' - Bruce Lee

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\'Evil will always triumph because good is dumb.\' - Dark Helmet :roflmao:

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Offline da9000

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Re: A new Zorro III memory board
« Reply #37 on: January 12, 2008, 06:22:48 PM »
Hahaha. Ainc, Ack, Elbox...

OK, enough. It's really my fault for taking this off topic. So I'll bump it back to topic by asking the hardware gurus here (E3B, alexh, etc - hint hint) to tackle my questions/comments above (before we veered offtopic).