BeOS is the only OS that I know of where 99% of the entire OS (including the lowest level stuff)was written in C++. It has a lovely API too if you are a C++ developer.
I believe the kernel was written in C but everything else was mostly C++.
The API is wonderful and clean, it's probably a pretty good place to learn OOP and C++.
Just don't go crazy with OOP. It was developed to solve a certain number of problems and it helps to know when not to use it.
I wrote an audio editor for BeOS, it was in (very bad) C++ but the effects were all pure C.
I'm writing a modular synth at the moment on OS X and it'll be part Objective-C but the audio processing parts will still be pure C (actually C with AltiVec extensions).