Well, somehow the partitioning is now set up in a way it nukes the system. It's either this, or then the drive just died.
Hotplugging might be a way to try some magic, but not all controllers/drives support it.
Indeed the only way to be sure is to plug it into a PC (or mac or whatever non-amigoid system). First you should just try partition the drive, and maybe format one small partition. Only if that fails, try zerofilling (which is the "low level format" these days, really) the drive. If that fails too, then the drive is toast.
If you manage to resurrect the drive on the non-amigoid system, it should have now zapped the RDB and you should be able to plug the HDD into the Amiga again, and set it up as new. Naturally this method will zap all the data, though.