@orange
Anyway. Back to the topic.
All 'newer' HDDs work with 7200 rpm and get very hot.
Not all hard drives. For example Seagate Barracuda 7200 remain <45 C with about 20 C ambient, and no airflow except PSU.
Many Amiga IDE and SCSI controllers can have HDD mounted directly on card. Can that heat damage the controller?
Actually I'd be more concerned about the drive itself, rather than the controller. If the drive remains under the recommended maximum temperature, then there is no problem (for the controller either).
I suggest you refer to the manual (online or physical) of the harddrive in question and mount a temperature sensor to figure out if the temp raises above the max with some stress test (copy lots of files around for example).
If it stays below the max, you're safe.
If the temperature gets close to the limit or even above it, then you should arrange some extra cooling. In most cases adding a fan is enough. In some rare occasions special harddrive cooler kit (HDD heatsink enclosure + fan) might be needed.