Well, a bad drive is unlikely to damage your Amiga. You might lose files, but assuming you've got backups, all you'd have to do is replace the disk. I don't see any way a bad drive would make you have to replace your A1200 unless you somehow get an exploding disk haha.
Either put it in a PC if you want to do some kind of really in depth low level testing (in over 20 years, I've never found any reason to need to do that) or hook it up to your Amiga and run some test software. I think DiskSalv has a bunch of testing options.
