@XDelusion
Here's what I got using Photofiltre (freeware) on your large image. The resolution of this (right) and the Photoshop one (left) are the same. Displayed together like this, I don't think there's a great difference, but there is some.


Maybe the right one has a more defined outline and looks very slightly 'slimmer'. This is a difference in antialiasing.
Looking at these magnified in a different viewer, the Photoshop one has less contrast and looks more washed out.
I think the original image needs to be improved to get anything better. It looks like a cut and paste has been done, so there's no antialiasing around the outer edge. This causes Photoshop, etc to do a lot of work on the outline. You may be losing some pixels there. The only way to improve the apparent detail on images this small is to add it manually pixel by pixel.
JaX