In a word, no. The PCs floppy controller cannot read / write to Amiga formatted floppies, (unless you haave a new Catweasle controller, which is supposed to allow this.) -and the program that converts .adf files back into disks is an Amgia program, though PC versions are theoreticaly possible.
Disk2FDI.exe allows the PC floppy drive controller to read an Amiga disk, and make and ADF of the disk.
But you are quite right, to write an Amiga disk, you need an amiga (or catweasle blah blah...)