Many games that run fine on the A500/2000 will not work or work right on the 3000. whdload is your friend in this case. what could of happened is the drive somehow altered or scratched the disk is why it booted the first time. You could also have a chip contact issue,but it sounds like a case of a picky game.
If workbench is running fine i doubt its any bad chips(although paula can play a part in floppy drive problems though). I've run into a couple of A3000's with bad paula sockets from the factory-they actually had a broken intermittent pin you couldn't see. You might pull paula and check the socket contacts.
Its not unusual to see battery corrosion on parts not near the battery leakage. it seems alot of these batteries outgas.
I seem to remember some 16mhz machines had quirks also but it may be my imagination since i haven't touched one in a long time. what rev. motherboard are you using?