with a 2X SCSI external CD-ROM drive
Thats an quite old drive !!!
The error-message sounds like the CD sends corrupted data.
May be that it doesn't like the used brand of CD-Rs or no CD-R at all.
Try to copy files from a "normal" CD to check that.
You might also check temination and power-supply.
What kind of controller are you using ? Has the CD an extra PSU ?