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Amiga computer related discussion => Amiga Hardware Issues and discussion => Topic started by: skurk on April 07, 2007, 09:48:10 PM

Title: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: skurk on April 07, 2007, 09:48:10 PM
Ok, I know this has been discussed before, but I haven't found any real info yet.  And, it must be said, I have no idea what to expect here. :-)

So, does anyone out there have the schematics for a scandoubler?

I'd love to build one that slips into the RGB port.  I can get my hands on most parts, and the price is not an issue at the moment.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: amiga_3k on April 08, 2007, 10:26:17 AM
Those schematics are rather difficult to find. Depending on your electronics-skilss you could have a look at AverLogic (http://www.averlogic.com/dualport_sarm.asp?protype=Video%20Conversion%20ICs)
they provide a chip doing a part of the trick: Scandoubling. In front of it, you probably need some kind of RGB to composite conversion schematic. That part could possibly be handled by Motorola's MC1377.

So, if you can think of a schematic joining both chips in the correct way and make your design as such that you basically design a board meeant for the internal Video-slot (and build an converter such that it can be hooked to the external RGB) you might become a littlie hero ;-).

Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: skurk on April 08, 2007, 10:40:45 AM
I did stumble upon this one (http://starbase.globalpc.net/~vanessa/hobbies/projects/scandoubler-schematic-0.2.3.png), though.  Looks plausible to my untrained eye, and the Amiga RGB port provides all the required input.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: countzero on April 08, 2007, 10:44:35 AM
If you want to plug in to the rgb port, you have to perform three tasks :

1 - decode the analogue RGB signal to digital (ADC)
2 - double the frequency
3 - convert the digital signal to analogue (DAC)

but, you can skip the first step if you use the digital signals directly from the amiga. For big box amigas, these are provided on the video slot. For desktop amigas you need some adaptors clipping on chips (well denise or lisa).

I asked this question before in another forum (http://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=25865&highlight=scandoubling) and got some valuable answers. You might want to check that.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: motorollin on April 08, 2007, 10:48:44 AM
So, what are the chances of a schematic for a video slot scandoubler? :-D

--
moto
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: countzero on April 08, 2007, 10:58:58 AM
well, it shouldn't be too difficult if there were chips which handled the scandoubling. The averlogic chip seems good, but it says RGB 565 which sounds inadequate for AGA screenmodes. Though there are 8 bit DACs in the spreadsheet so I'm not sure if it actually performs real 8 bit scandoubling.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: motorollin on April 08, 2007, 12:45:22 PM
This sounds like a job for Individual Computers. Jens are you reading this? :-)

--
moto
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: a1200 on April 08, 2007, 12:50:37 PM
The big problem I have found with scandoublers is they get VERY hot. Why is this? It is because they do it in a rudimentary way to keep the cost down? If money was not a consideration, surely it wouldn't be hard to get a 15Hz signal, input it into a SVGA graphics processor and produce a 30+Hz signal?

As I understand it, your bog-standard scandoubler literally doubles the 15Hz signal, surely inputting the signal into another processor for output would keep the things from running so hot?
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: James on April 08, 2007, 12:53:38 PM
What about these?
http://www.ramelectronics.net/HTML/video-to-vga.html

Couldn't they be modified in some way to take the signal from the RGB port?
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: skurk on April 08, 2007, 12:59:19 PM
I already own a similar item (link (http://www.gadmei.com/new3/ProductShow.asp?ArticleID=136)) but the quality from the composite is horrible.  Just horrible.

The ones with component sound interesting, though.

Are there any RGBI->Component cables/converters available?  I think that, plus one of those component to VGA adapters would produce an OK picture.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Colin_Camper on April 08, 2007, 01:16:07 PM
Hasn't this issue been thrashed over, ad nauseum?  :-)

Best Scandoublers/FFs = plugged to chipset or built in (A3000) = horrendous price and zero availability!

Available Scandoublers/FFs = Mediocre performance, horrendous price.

LCD TVs = Cheaper than either the above, excellent performance and display.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: a1200 on April 08, 2007, 01:26:07 PM
I use an LCD display for my A1200 see:

http://www.amiga600.net/temp/a1200_base.jpg

But! I cannot use it realistically any higher than Hi Res becuase of the flicker issue.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: skurk on April 08, 2007, 01:40:30 PM
Quote

Colin_Camper wrote:
Hasn't this issue been thrashed over, ad nauseum?  :-)


Probably, but it never hurts to search for new solutions.

Component to VGA adapters are cheap on ebay, $15 and up.  If it's possible to extract a component signal from the Amiga RGBI, then we have a decent and affordable solution.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: alexh on April 08, 2007, 02:31:30 PM
Hope this ends all nags

http://amigahardware.mariomisic.de/cgi-bin/showhardware_en.cgi?HARDID=1771

A 24-bit video slot scandoubler implemented using 2x A3000 AMBER deinterlacers.

http://www.gb97816.homepage.t-online.de/a2320_aga.htm

All the project files, schematics and CPLD code included

http://www.gb97816.homepage.t-online.de/download/a2320_aga.zip

Quote

countzero wrote:
The averlogic chip seems good, but it says RGB 565 which sounds inadequate for AGA screenmodes.

It's only RGB 16-bit (565) and only gives 16-shades of Red and Blue. Just like the DCE scandoublers Flicker/Scan Magic etc.

Quote
Though there are 8 bit DACs in the spreadsheet so I'm not sure if it actually performs real 8 bit scandoubling.

It doesnt. It only has 16-bit input, but 24-bit output. (It needs that incase you do Y'CbCr to RGB conversion.)
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: amiga_3k on April 08, 2007, 06:36:33 PM
So basically, now Clone-A is functioning, Individual Computers should now re-implement Amber? ;-)
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Jeff on April 08, 2007, 07:17:49 PM
Has anyone done an english translation of the german pdf file yet? Failing that, is there a tool online that will do it?  This looks like a great project, but I can't read the docs.

Thanks, Jeff
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: motorollin on April 08, 2007, 07:56:03 PM
Does an Amber card work on an A4000, or only an A3000?

--
moto
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: whiteb on April 08, 2007, 09:28:02 PM
It looks good, but given that the amber chips are out of production I would not recommending all the A3000's in existance be butchered for the chips.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Jeff on April 08, 2007, 09:56:42 PM
I agree, however I already have enough spare parts around without hurting any good 3000's to build 1 board:-)  So I may attempt it.

Jeff
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: skurk on April 08, 2007, 10:04:54 PM
While we are slightly off-topic:  Aren't there any VGA adapters for any game consoles that may be modified to fit the Amiga RGB port?

Playstation, Gamecube, Dreamcast, SNES..?
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: countzero on April 09, 2007, 12:46:51 AM
yes, there are. the Xrgb and the CM-345S (http://www.amiga.org/gallery/index.php?n=1169=38) are the first to spring to mind. They equally (or more) expensive as the scandoublers.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: motorollin on April 09, 2007, 09:39:44 AM
Are we saying that there are no chips in existence which can convert the video signals from the Video Slot to VGA?

--
moto
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Zac67 on April 09, 2007, 09:58:30 AM
When fiddling with devices not intended for the Amiga, you'd have to distinguish between scan doublers and flicker fixers.

Simple scan doublers just buffer one 15 kHz line and output it twice at 31 kHz to make it VGA compatible. That's not what you want because you wouldn't get rid if interlace flicker.

Flicker fixers buffer a complete interlaced field and output the previous field in combination with the current one, thus producing a progressive output. OTOH, what you see is partially (the buffered field) already 20 ms older than the rest, which leads to ugly comb/shearing effects (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Interlace.jpg).

Wikipedia has a very good article (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlace) on this.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: LaserBack on April 09, 2007, 11:05:07 AM
All Amiga' scandoublers have issues here and there except the one built it on the A3000 that works perfect cause it works through the amber chip that was specially designed for the amiga screenmodes

Other scandoublers or chips will work but with issues on the AGA palette or interlacing problems

I think that it's a waste of time try to build a home made scandoubler cause it will not work fine

That A2320 maybe works perfect even on AGA screens cause was designed with 2 ambers chips.....and is the only one that I wish built

but two A3000 required to built one of these


So....the best solution is a new LCD TV


bye
 

Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Jose on April 09, 2007, 03:44:26 PM
So how does the 2320 eliminate the comb effect ? Does it manage to do it already in A3000's using interlaced screens  at 15khz (i.e. 640x512)?
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Zac67 on April 09, 2007, 04:03:40 PM
Quote
Jose wrote:
So how does the 2320 eliminate the comb effect ?


It doesn't. Doesn't even try. Deinterlace interpolation with early 90's technology was out of the question.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Jose on April 09, 2007, 04:13:27 PM
@Zac67

Ahh, I asked that cause some of you guys on this thread seemed to imply that it would be the perfect solution.. ( the A2320)
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: amiga_3k on April 09, 2007, 04:47:01 PM
@Jose:

The scandoubler/flickerfixer actually performed brilliant (especially when using a little slowish CRT monitor) in the Amiga 3000. The 'combing' effect was never a problem for me as the SD/FF was only flickerfixing while using Workbench (can't remember a single game with high-speed grafics in interlaced mode). Only the standard mouse pointer had to be replaced by some hi-res mouse hack. So, for your average dtp work, playing about with PPaint and stuff like that is was really usable.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Zac67 on April 09, 2007, 04:53:55 PM
An A2320 / Amber board is probably the best solution you can get; only drawback with the original design is the limitation to 12 bit.

As to deinterlacing effects: for a computer's video output there's no definite solution to the problem. For a video (=camera) type signal there are some interpolation methods that work quite well - but a computer's output is very arbitrary and not predictable. E.g. fonts have to be reproduced very accurately to be easily readable. I doubt if there's a 'perfect' solution to this.

There are two workarounds for this problem:
- limit screen updates to 25/30 Hz - when both fields fit perfectly there will be no artifacts
- use a video card and get rid of this problem alltogether

OTOH what Amiga_3k writes is true: it's no real problem.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: amigite on April 10, 2007, 11:13:56 PM
I can't understand how anyone who owns the rights to this Amiga computer can go on doing business without addressing the video resolution problem.  They leave it up to 3rd. parties but no one is interested in it.

Amiga needs a scandoubler, Flicker Fixer. A real one that works with all of the different hardware.  We need a way of using modern resolution monitors.  The 15 Khz resolution made for television was a different kind of idea at the time.  But now its really getting old.  We feel it because our monitors are really starting to show their age.  We need a solution.

Software hut www.softhut.com had a solution called Toastscan.  But they are not being made anymore.  Software hut was trying to find someone to build them a new device to sell.  Maybe you can contact them and they will turn you on to some business, if you have the talent required to build the thing.

There were some devices, made to convert RGB to VGA for Game consoles. Check this one out- http://www.tiptonium.com/videogames/reviews/other/XRGB2.htm

How about this one,

http://www.cypuk.com/cyp_techpage.php?product=228&&parent=0

or this one,

http://www.ihse.de/english/238-3f.htm

Then there is something called scart over in Europe.  We don't see much of it here in the US, but some have reportedly had success using the input of a scart connector on new TV sets.  Not quite SVGA resolution, but as good as some of our old monitors. No solution to flicker at some resolutions.

Amiga users were using them to circumvent the signal.  None did the complete job all the time to my knowledge.  I hope someone can prove me wrong and give us a solution.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Kin-Hell on April 15, 2007, 02:28:59 PM
Quote
Then there is something called scart over in Europe.  We don't see much of it here in the US, but some have reportedly had success using the input of a scart connector on new TV sets.  Not quite SVGA resolution, but as good as some of our old monitors. No solution to flicker at some resolutions.


Er...any 0lder-TV will Always flicker. NTSC at best is 60Hz & PAL is 50Hz. Sit in front of a 100Hz TV for a few months. You wont stop griping about the flicker if you go back to a 50/60hz TV.
It's a bit like most folk saying they cant see the difference betweem 70Hz & 60Hz. Some argue you cant tell over 70 anyways! I certainly can tell the difference between 70Hz & say 85Hz. Its a huge difference to the Picture.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: amiga_3k on April 15, 2007, 03:13:03 PM
Based on my experiences I think that it is rather accurate to say that the bigger the tube you're watching, the higher the refreshrate should be to create a solid picture.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: alexh on April 15, 2007, 04:22:02 PM
Quote

motorollin wrote:
Does an Amber card work on an A4000, or only an A3000?

The original AMBER A2320 works on all Big-box Amiga's but is limited to 12-bit.

Georg's A2320 AGA works at 12-bit in ECS/OCS Amiga's and 24-bit in AGA Amiga's like the A4000.

I know where I can located 30 Amber chips, but I cannot seem to get Georg interested in making anymore :-(

Quote

motorollin wrote:
Are we saying that there are no chips in existence which can convert the video signals from the Video Slot to VGA?

The problem is that full quality Digital Video is 16-bit in the Y'CbCr colourspace. The modern chips dont have more than 16 input pins on them. They support RGB but only with a 16-bit input (RGB 5:6:5).

If you didnt use an off the shelf chip you'd have to use an FPGA/CPLD which would drastically increase the costs.

You could make a 16-bit scandoubler/flicker fixer for video slots for well under €20 each, but who wants that?
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: amiga_3k on April 15, 2007, 06:00:27 PM
Would it be possible to combine two of those rather low-budget 16-bit chips? It should, in my theory, give 32 bit, giving 8 bit reserve.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: alexh on April 16, 2007, 12:43:23 AM
Quote

amiga_3k wrote:
Would it be possible to combine two of those rather low-budget 16-bit chips?

No that is not possible.

The reason you can use two AMBER chips is that they do not have on-chip video DAC's. Their output is 12-bit digital. You can drive an external 3*8-bit video DAC with some bits from one AMBER chip and some bits from the other AMBER chip.

The low cost budget chips have on-chip video DACS.

Their output is analog RGB.

Two analog RGB signals cannot be combined successfully into one RGB analog signal.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: countzero on April 16, 2007, 01:40:17 AM
Quote

alexh wrote:

You could make a 16-bit scandoubler/flicker fixer for video slots for well under €20 each, but who wants that?


maybe ECS users ? an internal scandoubler for the A500/A600 would need only 12 bits right ?
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: on April 16, 2007, 04:39:50 AM
Nobody in this thread seems to have considered the design of the original Microway's Flickerfixer.

They are the ones who coined the term flickerfixer because that's the name they gave to their product.

This card, back then, was very expensive because it used a full row of 32k x 8bit static RAM chips. Nowadays, a single 512k x 8bit chip costs only 6$.

It didn't use Amber for a simple reason, it didn't even exist. It used ordinary discreet logic chips that costs pennies today.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: JimS on April 16, 2007, 05:25:33 AM
XESS has a Spartan 2 FPGA board with a 32MBx16 ram chip for 88 bucks. It even has a VGA port, although it's only 3 bits/color. One more fpga pin & a resistor per color could fix that.
Been thinking about it, but I don't have a peecee with the oomph to run the design software...

Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: Zac67 on April 16, 2007, 07:23:41 AM
Quote
JimS wrote:
It even has a VGA port, although it's only 3 bits/color. One more fpga pin & a resistor per color could fix that.


Then again, that'd make only 12 bit output which is also possible w/ the low budget chips. 24 bit is a bit harder.

Hmm, combining two low cost chips w/ DAC could also be possible: if you use a small resistor array, you could actually 'add' the two analog signals (per color)...
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: alexh on April 16, 2007, 09:33:28 AM
Quote

Hmm, combining two low cost chips w/ DAC could also be possible

If they had 24-bit digital RGB output, but they dont.

Quote
if you use a small resistor array, you could actually 'add' the two analog signals (per color)...

It wouldnt work.

Quote
XESS has a Spartan 2 FPGA board with a 32MBx16 ram chip for 88 bucks.

If you were going to do this with an FPGA you wouldnt a) use that FPGA and b) use that board! You'd have to make your own board to make the price sensible.

Quote

eslapion wrote:
Nobody in this thread seems to have considered the design of the original Microway's Flickerfixer.

Where is the design? Provide the schematics and the PLD source code and I'll look at it. Ah, you dont have it do you... never mind then.

Quote
It used ordinary discreet logic chips that costs pennies today.

I think you'll find they had a PLD (programmable logic device) something like a PAL/GAL/MACH etc.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: JimS on April 16, 2007, 03:28:17 PM
Quote

alexh wrote:
Quote
XESS has a Spartan 2 FPGA board with a 32MBx16 ram chip for 88 bucks.

If you were going to do this with an FPGA you wouldnt a) use that FPGA and b) use that board! You'd have to make your own board to make the price sensible.

Actually, I might very well use that FPGA and that board. The Spartan II is 5v tolerant. Just what you need for interfacing to old hardware like the Amiga without some extra chips to do the voltage translation. As for the board, I'm not interested in making a product for sale, so I don't care about the price. The XESS board would be cheaper than having a PCB made and trying to solder it in a toaster oven.

Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: JimS on April 16, 2007, 03:43:46 PM
Quote

Zac67 wrote:
Quote
JimS wrote:
It even has a VGA port, although it's only 3 bits/color. One more fpga pin & a resistor per color could fix that.


Then again, that'd make only 12 bit output which is also possible w/ the low budget chips. 24 bit is a bit harder.


That's true, of course... I've never owned an AGA machine, so I'm stuck in OCS/ECS thinking. ;-/
OK, how about an FPGA for logic and a byte-wide fast static RAM for each color... or if they make it in a 32-bit package, even better. It would make the board simpler, at the cost of wasting 8 bits/word.

Hmmm.... that LCD tv idea looks better all the time. ;-)
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: alexh on April 16, 2007, 05:46:37 PM
Quote

JimS wrote:
how about an FPGA for logic and a byte-wide fast static RAM for each color..

That is the way most current scan doublers work. However they use a CPLD rather than an FPGA because the amount of logic you need is trivial.

Quote

JimS wrote:
if they make it in a 32-bit package, even better. It would make the board simpler, at the cost of wasting 8 bits/word.

This would make your FPGA/CPLD design more complicated but still feasible.

The problem means that you need write to the RAM at a rate of 27MHz while also reading from the RAM at a rate of 54MHz.

Previous implementations have opted for relatively expensive 3 * 8-bit dual port SRAM to overcome the reading and writing at the same time.

This is wasteful and poor design practice.  

Instead if you make your rams 2x as wide and access two pixels at once you can read and write on alternate cycles.

Writing your own scandoubler is relatively easy. Writing your own flicker fixer is much harder.
Title: Re: Scandoubler schematics
Post by: 1NOM155 on September 18, 2007, 12:26:16 PM
check this schematics, i will use on my own ScanDD.
http://elm-chan.org/works/sc/sc_sch.png

NTSC(YC/RGB) to VGA Scan Converter
http://elm-chan.org/works/sc/report.html

Simple Circuit Doubles Input Frequency
http://www.maxim-ic.com/appnotes.cfm/an_pk/3327