Sounds like Aeros is Linux entirely minus the desktop environment, with AROS taking its place, so I'm guessing "no." If you want both, it's easy to run AROS hosted on Linux.
It *is* AROS hosted, but running full screen and with some extra glue to let the AROS side of things start Linux applications overlaid on top of it so you don't need the Linux desktop.
For my part, it sounds very interesting. I already have my desktop manager configured to work as close to AROS/AmigaOS as I can. But I need some Linux apps that aren't ported yet (most importantly recent versions of Firefox and Chrome, as well as Thunderbird). If I could use AROS my desktop manager and still run my essential Linux apps and it works well, I'd be spending much more time in AROS.