Hum,
1658...Twas the best of times, the worst of times...
It seems as if the 17th century solar dip that is linked to Europe's Little Ice Age and to global climate change, becomes even more of an enigma as a result of new observations by University of California, Berkeley, astronomers.
From 1645 until 1714, early astronomers reported almost no sunspot activity. The number of sunspots (er, cooler areas on the sun that appear dark against the brighter surroundings ) dropped a thousandfold.
Though activity on the sun ebbs and flows today in an 11-year cycle, it has not been that quiet since.
"Star surveys typically find that 10 to 15 percent of all sun-like stars are in an inactive state like the Maunder minimum, which would indicate that the sun spends about 10 percent of its time in this state."
I imagine that the `Golf/gulf stream` was affected by that dip in solar output, but luckily something stopped it cascading into a "full-blown ice age."