Long live NASA. We get a lot of benefits from the materials science alone.
Ironically, there are benefits to be had from military research too. Here's one example:
A certain fighter jet manufacturer was perplexed by the recurrent failure of a radar component in the fighter's nose. This happened on all the planes, and affected a very specific set of components in the nose. Once the plane went beyond a certain velocity, the components in the nose were trashed.
:-?
Just for giggles, they changed the mounting of those components and it just so happend that the components were rearranged in the nose. But: when the plane went beyond a certain velocity, components got trashed, but this time not the same components as before. To cut a long story short, there was a very small focal area within the jet's nose where they couldn't place any components because they would be trashed once the plane hit a certain velocity. This phenomenon is sound wave convergence and is now the basis for ESWL (extra-corporeal shockwave lithotripsy) which is a cone-shaped device attached to a sound generator used for breaking kidney stones without operating on the patient. The focus of the ESWL is determined by X-ray. By the way, one of the jokers in the operating theatre told me to check the vibrations within the cone while the ESWL was running, and it felt like someone was peeling my fingernail off!!